OLYMPIC GAMES. HISTORY OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES
One of the brightest and most popular events on the planet is the Olympic games. Any athlete who manages to take the podium at the Olympic competitions gets the status of an Olympic champion for life and his achievements remain in the world history of sports for centuries. Where and how did the Olympic games originate and what is their history? Let's try to make a brief excursion into the history of the Olympic games.
History.
The Olympic games originated in Ancient Greece, where they were not only a sporting event, but also a religious holiday. Information about the very first games and their origin has not been preserved, but there are several legends that describe this event. The first documented date for the celebration of the Olympic games is 776 BC. Despite the fact that the games were held earlier, it is believed that they were established by Hercules. In 394 ad, with the advent of Christianity as the official religion, the Olympic games were banned by Emperor Theodosius I, because they were considered a pagan phenomenon. And yet, despite the ban on games, they have not completely disappeared. In Europe, local competitions were held, somewhat resembling the Olympic games. After some time, the games resumed thanks to Panagiotis Soutsos, who proposed this idea, and thanks to the public figure Evangelis Zappas, who brought it to life.
The first modern Olympic games were held in 1896 in the country where they originated - in Greece, in Athens. The international Olympic Committee (IOC) was established to organize the Games, with Demetrius Vikelas as its first President. Despite the fact that only 241 athletes from 14 countries took part in the first games of modern Times, they were a huge success, becoming a significant sporting event in Greece. Initially, it was always intended to hold the Games in their home country, but the Olympic Committee decided that the venue would change every 4 years.
The second Olympic games of 1900, held in France, in Paris, and the third Olympic games of 1904, held in the United States, in St. Louis (Missouri), were less successful, as a result of which the Olympic movement as a whole experienced its first crisis after a significant success. Since the Games were combined with World exhibitions, they did not arouse much interest among the audience, and sports competitions lasted for months.
In 1906, again in Athens (Greece), the so-called "intermediate" Olympic games were held. At first, the IOC supported the holding of these games, but now they are not recognized as Olympic Games. There is an opinion of some sports historians that the 1906 Games were a kind of salvation of the Olympic idea, which did not allow the Games to lose their meaning and become "unnecessary".
All rules, principles and regulations are defined by the Charter of the Olympic Games, approved in Paris in 1894 by the International sports Congress. The Olympic games are counted from the time of the first Games (I Olympiad-1896-99). Even if no games are held, the Olympiad gets its own sequence number, for example, VI Games in 1916-19, XII games in 1940-43, and XIII Games in 1944-47. The Olympic games are symbolized by five rings of different colors fastened together (Olympic rings), which represent the Union of five parts of the world-the upper row: blue-Europe, black-Africa, red-America, and the lower row: yellow-Asia, green-Australia. The choice of venues for the Olympics is made by the IOC. All organizational issues related to the Games are decided not by the selected country, but by the city. The duration of the Games is approximately 16-18 days.
The Olympic games, like any strictly organized event, have their own specific traditions and rituals
Here are some of them:
- before the opening and closing of the games, theatrical performances are held, presenting to the audience the image and culture of the country and city in which they are held;
- solemn passage through the Central stadium of athletes and members of delegations. Athletes from each country go in separate groups in alphabetical order of country names in the language of the country where the Games are held, or in the official language of the IOC (English or French). Each group is preceded by a representative of the host country, who carries a sign with the name of the respective country. He is followed by a flag bearer carrying the flag of his country. This very honorable mission is usually given to the most respected and titled athletes;
- it is mandatory for the President of the International Olympic Committee to make welcoming speeches. Also, the speech is delivered by the head of state where the Games are held;
- the flag of Greece as the country where the Olympic games originated is being raised. Its national anthem is played;
- the flag of the country where the Games are held is raised and its national anthem is also performed; - one of the outstanding athletes of the host country of the Games takes an oath on behalf of all participants about fair wrestling and competitions that will comply with all the principles and rules of sports;
- the opening ceremony ends with the lighting and" relay " of the Olympic flame. The initial part of the relay passes through the cities of Greece, the final part - through the cities of the country where the games are held. A torch with fire is delivered to the city that organizes the Games on their opening day. The fire burns until the closing ceremony of the Olympic games;
- the closing ceremony is also accompanied by theatrical performances, the speech of the IOC President, the passage of participants, etc. The IOC President announces the closing of the Olympics, followed by the national anthem, the Olympic anthem, and the lowering of flags. At the end of the ceremony, the Olympic flame goes out.
Each country participating in the Olympic games develops its own official emblem and mascot of the Games, which become part of the souvenir products.
Перевела: Лебедева Милана
incatalog.kz
History.
The Olympic games originated in Ancient Greece, where they were not only a sporting event, but also a religious holiday. Information about the very first games and their origin has not been preserved, but there are several legends that describe this event. The first documented date for the celebration of the Olympic games is 776 BC. Despite the fact that the games were held earlier, it is believed that they were established by Hercules. In 394 ad, with the advent of Christianity as the official religion, the Olympic games were banned by Emperor Theodosius I, because they were considered a pagan phenomenon. And yet, despite the ban on games, they have not completely disappeared. In Europe, local competitions were held, somewhat resembling the Olympic games. After some time, the games resumed thanks to Panagiotis Soutsos, who proposed this idea, and thanks to the public figure Evangelis Zappas, who brought it to life.
The first modern Olympic games were held in 1896 in the country where they originated - in Greece, in Athens. The international Olympic Committee (IOC) was established to organize the Games, with Demetrius Vikelas as its first President. Despite the fact that only 241 athletes from 14 countries took part in the first games of modern Times, they were a huge success, becoming a significant sporting event in Greece. Initially, it was always intended to hold the Games in their home country, but the Olympic Committee decided that the venue would change every 4 years.
The second Olympic games of 1900, held in France, in Paris, and the third Olympic games of 1904, held in the United States, in St. Louis (Missouri), were less successful, as a result of which the Olympic movement as a whole experienced its first crisis after a significant success. Since the Games were combined with World exhibitions, they did not arouse much interest among the audience, and sports competitions lasted for months.
In 1906, again in Athens (Greece), the so-called "intermediate" Olympic games were held. At first, the IOC supported the holding of these games, but now they are not recognized as Olympic Games. There is an opinion of some sports historians that the 1906 Games were a kind of salvation of the Olympic idea, which did not allow the Games to lose their meaning and become "unnecessary".
All rules, principles and regulations are defined by the Charter of the Olympic Games, approved in Paris in 1894 by the International sports Congress. The Olympic games are counted from the time of the first Games (I Olympiad-1896-99). Even if no games are held, the Olympiad gets its own sequence number, for example, VI Games in 1916-19, XII games in 1940-43, and XIII Games in 1944-47. The Olympic games are symbolized by five rings of different colors fastened together (Olympic rings), which represent the Union of five parts of the world-the upper row: blue-Europe, black-Africa, red-America, and the lower row: yellow-Asia, green-Australia. The choice of venues for the Olympics is made by the IOC. All organizational issues related to the Games are decided not by the selected country, but by the city. The duration of the Games is approximately 16-18 days.
The Olympic games, like any strictly organized event, have their own specific traditions and rituals
Here are some of them:
- before the opening and closing of the games, theatrical performances are held, presenting to the audience the image and culture of the country and city in which they are held;
- solemn passage through the Central stadium of athletes and members of delegations. Athletes from each country go in separate groups in alphabetical order of country names in the language of the country where the Games are held, or in the official language of the IOC (English or French). Each group is preceded by a representative of the host country, who carries a sign with the name of the respective country. He is followed by a flag bearer carrying the flag of his country. This very honorable mission is usually given to the most respected and titled athletes;
- it is mandatory for the President of the International Olympic Committee to make welcoming speeches. Also, the speech is delivered by the head of state where the Games are held;
- the flag of Greece as the country where the Olympic games originated is being raised. Its national anthem is played;
- the flag of the country where the Games are held is raised and its national anthem is also performed; - one of the outstanding athletes of the host country of the Games takes an oath on behalf of all participants about fair wrestling and competitions that will comply with all the principles and rules of sports;
- the opening ceremony ends with the lighting and" relay " of the Olympic flame. The initial part of the relay passes through the cities of Greece, the final part - through the cities of the country where the games are held. A torch with fire is delivered to the city that organizes the Games on their opening day. The fire burns until the closing ceremony of the Olympic games;
- the closing ceremony is also accompanied by theatrical performances, the speech of the IOC President, the passage of participants, etc. The IOC President announces the closing of the Olympics, followed by the national anthem, the Olympic anthem, and the lowering of flags. At the end of the ceremony, the Olympic flame goes out.
Each country participating in the Olympic games develops its own official emblem and mascot of the Games, which become part of the souvenir products.
Перевела: Лебедева Милана
incatalog.kz